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| Dentro del
contexto de la Unión Aduanera, la armonización arancelaria
prevé que las empresas fuertes desplacen a las débiles de
cada país que forme parte de la integración del área.
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having specific
rules of origin for the apparel industry. One year later, the goals are
still to be met.) The challenge for standardizing apparel and textile tariff inside the Customs Union remains in forming a productive system based on inter-Central American free trade, so it is impossible to aspire to grow with internal protection through differentiation of tariffs. On the other hand, fiscal incentives for production and export of such goods must also de standardized, so the production environment is given according to comparative and competitive advantages of the site where production companies are located (better business climate, infrastructure, geographic location, workforce and political environment among others). Inside the context of the customs union, the tariff standardizing forecasts that strong companies shall displace weak ones in each country that is part of the Central American union; in the same manner, those productions that integrate their productive processes better (from importing fibers to producing apparel, combined with better quality, commercial prestige, price and complying with orders) will have better chances of growing, complying with national, regional and mainly, international compromises. Such is the case of the apparel industry located in the special maquila and free trade zone regimes. |
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Como se
puede observar, la mayor dispersión de la protección arancelaria
está ubicada en El Salvador, seguida por Guatemala, por lo cual
esos países deberán asumir una estrategia común que
permite una buena negociación de armonización arancelaria.
Estos dos países son los que más protección mantienen
frente a las importaciones de terceros mercados (países fuera de
Centroamérica). En ese sentido, en materia de negociaciones comerciales
y cuando se negocie en bloque, como en el caso de las negociaciones del
Tratado de Libre Comercio con Estados Unidos, las mayores oportunidades
(pero también los mayores riesgos) las tendrán en su orden
Guatemala, El Salvador y Honduras, al ceder la protección arancelaria. |
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As
can be observed, the largest dispersion of tariff protection is set in
El Salvador, followed by Guatemala. Therefore, these countries must assume
a common strategy that allows good negotiations for tariff standardizing.
These two countries are the ones with more protection in respect to imports
from third markets (countries outside the Central American region). In
such respect, during trade negotiations when the region speaks as a block,
as is the foreseen case of the Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA)
negotiation with the United States, the largest opportunities (but also
the bigger risks) will correspond, by order, to Guatemala, El Salvador
and Honduras when ceding tariff protection. |
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